What is the foundational part of a word called?

The foundational part of a word is called the root. The root of a word carries the primary meaning and is essential for understanding its definition. In medical terminology and many other fields, the root serves as the core component to which prefixes (elements placed at the beginning) and suffixes (elements added at the end) can be attached to modify its meaning and provide additional context.

For example, in the word "cardiology," the root "cardio-" refers to the heart. By recognizing the root, one can often deduce the overall meaning of the term, which relates to the study of the heart and its functions. Understanding the root of a word is crucial for those in healthcare professions, as it enables clearer communication and comprehension of complex medical terms.